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THIS WEEK at HILTON POND
1-21 December 2014

Installment #610---Visitor #AmazingCounters.com

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NOTE: I'm still working on my photo essay about our November 2014 Operation RubyThroat hummingbird expedition to Ujarrás in Costa Rica. It takes a while to process, organize, and compile all the images and data--a task complicated by my recent hernia surgery and other factors. When ready--soon, I hope--I'll post it as Installment #609. I apologize for the delay--especially to this year's trip participants. Meanwhile, I wanted to disseminate official results of the annual York/Rock Hill Christmas Bird Count, provided below.

All text, maps, charts & photos © Hilton Pond Center

In other news, I'm pleased that on 9 Dec CN2 television in Rock Hill SC honored me as a "Hometown Hero" for my on-going work as an educator-naturalist and hummingbird researcher. Mia Macy did a nice job of putting together a 2.5-minute video about all this. To view the footage in a new browser window, see Birds Of A Feather.

Finally, I hope you will consider supporting the education, research, and conservation initiatives of Hilton Pond Center--including Operation RubyThroat and our "This Week at Hilton Pond" photo essays--by making a tax-deductible end-of-year contribution. You can donate via your PayPal account to funding@hiltonpond.org, or make a secure credit card gift via Network for Good. "Good ol' fashioned" paper checks are also welcome, of course, at 1432 DeVinney Road, York SC 29745.

BILL HILTON JR.



24th ANNUAL YORK/ROCK HILL (SC)
CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNT

All text, maps, charts & photos © Hilton Pond Center

Each winter--in cooperation with the National Audubon Society--Hilton Pond Center implements and compiles a Christmas Bird Count (CBC) for York/Rock Hill in York County, South Carolina (see map above). Christmas Bird Counts--perhaps the first big organized citizen science effort--originated 114 years ago as an alternative to traditional holiday bird hunts when folks young and old used newly gifted guns to see who could bring down the most birds. For that first CBC in 1900, ornithologist Frank Chapman organized 25 counts from Toronto to Pacific Grove CA and involved 27 participants who tallied 89 combined species. That's a far cry from 2011 when 2,248 CBCs in the United States, Canada, and Latin America involved more than 63,000 participants who tallied more than 60 million birds, with nearly 650 species in just the U.S.

All text, maps, charts & photos © Hilton Pond Center

We started the York/Rock Hill count in 1991 to help provide a snapshot of numbers and species of winter birds present in central York County--in the heart of the Carolina Piedmont Region. Beginning before sunrise and finishing at dusk, participants identify and tally birds seen and/or heard in an area inscribed by a standard circle 15 miles in diameter (see map above)--centered where Tools Fork Creek flows beneath SC Hwy 5 (West Main Street) just west of Northwestern High School. (Count-center coordinates are 34° 57' 23.57" N, 81º 06' 24.64" W; in decimal degrees that's N34.956547, W81.106844.)

All text, maps, charts & photos © Hilton Pond Center

The count circle includes all of Hilton Pond Center (above, with our fallen White Oak giant), as well as a mix of urban/suburban/rural habitats and large sections of southern Lake Wylie on the Catawba River. Participants are assigned one or more of the circle's 11 sectors and are expected to spend all (or part of) the day covering the area(s) by car and on foot--perhaps even by canoe or bicycle! This year our York/Rock Hill CBC--typically held the Saturday before Christmas if weather allows--was scheduled for and implemented on 20 December.

All text, maps, charts & photos © Hilton Pond Center

Our 2014 count was a little chillier than most: A 6:30 a.m. temperature of 40 degree F, with morning drizzle and dreary skies but no frozen water. The good news was we had six count participants--more than in the past several years. On hand were (above, left to right) first-time counter Tom Anderson, second-timer Charles Payne, long-time veteran Bob Olson (our second-most-faithful counter with 17 years), first-timer Rob Oesterle, Faye Metzl (14 years), and count founder/compiler Bill Hilton Jr. (all 24 years). These stalwart birders split into several groups and before first light fanned out across their assigned sectors. Regrettably, only Bob and the compiler were able to work all day.

All text, maps, charts & photos © Hilton Pond Center

The day started slowly with birds hunkering down in light rain. We saw only 51 species by lunchtime—not quite half the 110 species we had observed on at least one of our previous counts. Our first bird of the day was a well-named White-throated Sparrow (above), foraging at dawn beneath feeders at Hilton Pond Center. Observers did add several harder-to-find species in the afternoon and ended up with 60 altogether—a little less than our 23-year-average of 64 and ‘way below our record of 80 set back in 2000.

All text, maps, charts & photos © Hilton Pond Center

One particular reward this year was the sighting of a Baltimore Oriole feeding on tree fruit at Cherry Park--the first time this species has been seen in the history of the York/Rock Hill count. (Winter photo of immature female above courtesy David Speiser.) BAOR are nectar- and fruit-eating birds that typically migrate to the Neotropics but with increasing regularity have been overwintering in the continental U.S. (We contend this is yet another indication of global climate change--a phenomenon whose validity appears to be borne out by Christmas Bird Count data across North America.)

Participants tallied 2,811 individual birds this year; the 24-year average is about twice that with 4,613. In 2014 we had no huge assemblages of gulls, blackbirds, robins, and other flocking birds that sometimes swell our numbers. Even so, of this year’s 60 species, 27 were seen in numbers equal to or above average.

All text, maps, charts & photos © Hilton Pond Center

We like to point out that although the purpose of the bird count is to see how many species and individuals can be tallied, participants have plenty of time to observe bird behavior. In one case, we watched a Great Blue Heron fishing in slow-motion (above) from the banks of Winthrop Farm Lake off Cherry Road in Rock Hill. It always seems like herons spend an inordinate amount of time stalking, but if one watches long enough . . .

All text, maps, charts & photos © Hilton Pond Center

. . . one may be treated to the sight of a long-legged wader actually diving into the water (above). Our heron hit and exited the pond in the blink of an eye and gulped down a good-sized fish--likely a Bluegill or Largemouth Bass--before sauntering out of view.

All text, maps, charts & photos © Hilton Pond Center

The 2014 count set a record for sightings of Chipping Sparrow (above)--136 this year, up from a previous high of 103 in 2002. This was especially interesting because we had only five chippies last year. (It's probably not just coincidental we're also having a record-high this year for banding Chipping Sparrows at Hilton Pond Center.) Bird count observers set a record for Southern Bald Eagle (3, up from 2) in 2014; this once-endangered species has expanded its range and is now well-established on lakes and rivers of York County--where it fortunately seems to have adapted fairly well to the presence of humans. We had mixed feelings about this year's new record of 48 for House Sparrows, an invasive species that displaces native cavity-nesting birds such as bluebirds, wrens, and woodpeckers. And speaking of the latter, 2014 was a disappointing year for woodpecker sightings with only 49 individuals of seven possible species on the count, but 41 of those were Red-bellied Woodpeckers (male, above right)--a new high for that species.

All text, maps, charts & photos © Hilton Pond Center

One good thing about this bird survey in the same place at the same time of year, year after year, is that it allows us to look at trends. Despite finding one new species . . . setting a new high for four others . . . and being above average for 27 species . . . our observations reveal bird numbers for most species have been dropping steadily since the York/Rock Hill count began in 1991. Many birds once quite common in this area weren’t seen at all this year, including most of the ducks and sparrows. Except for Red-shouldered Hawks (adult, above, perching on one leg at sunrise across from Hilton Pond Center), most raptors have shown a steady drop in numbers over the past 24 years; it's not a good sign when birds at the top of the food chain are in decline.

All text, maps, charts & photos © Hilton Pond Center

We're confident in saying the biggest reason for such declines is loss of natural areas across York County. Where once we roamed forested areas and old farms we now encounter subdivisions, commercial initiatives, and huge swaths of parking lots compatible with very few bird species. Even the fog-shrouded banks of the Catawba River (above)--once a relatively pristine waterway--have not been immune to development. Economic growth is important, but ever-smaller tallies during our Christmas count tell us York County MUST do much, much more to set aside substantial green expanses that support birds and other wildlife. (It’s worth mentioning people need and thrive in green space, too.)

See Table 1 below for a full accounting of the official results from our 2014 survey. Then mark your calendar and join Hilton Pond Center and other participants for the 25th anniversary York/Rock Hill Christmas Bird Count on 19 December 2015. No experience necessary--just binoculars and a desire to help get an even more accurate census of avifauna in central York County, South Carolina.

All text, maps, charts & photos © Hilton Pond Center

PayPal donations can be made via funding@hiltonpond.org

All contributions are tax-deductible on your
201
4 income tax form

See list of recent supporters below


TABLE 1:
2014 YORK/ROCK HILL SC
CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNT TOTALS
(20 December 2014)
RED = New record high (5 species)
GREEN = Ties record high (0)
MAROON = At or above average (27)
Common
Name
2014
Count
24-year
Avg.
24-year
High
Number of
Counts
Blackbird, Brewer's
.
--
--
--
Blackbird, Red-winged
405
80
503
19
Blackbird, Rusty
.
2
30
5
Blackbird sp.
.
191
2,156
(9)
Bluebird, Eastern
86
88
216
24
Bobwhite, Northern
.
1
13
2
Bufflehead
.
3
11
11
Bunting, Snow
.
<1
1
1
Buteo sp.
.
<1
1
(1)
Canvasback
.
<1
8
1
Cardinal, Northern
114
69
169
24
Catbird, Gray
.
<1
1
1
Chickadee, Carolina
66
39
159
24
Coot, American
.
21
79
20
Cormorant, Double-crested
61
36
150
19
Cowbird, Brown-headed
CW
29
245
8
Creeper Brown
.
1
3
9
Crow, American
59
89
191
24
Crow, Fish
.
<1
10
2
Dove, Mourning
92
99
266
24
Dove, Rock
11
44
185
23
Duck, American Black
.
1
4
5
Duck, Ring-necked
.
5
50
9
Duck, Ruddy
8
3
19
9
Duck, Wood
.
1
10
9
Dunlin
.
--
--
--
Eagle, Southern Bald
3
1
3
9
Egret, Great
.
<1
1
2
Falcon, Peregrine
.
--
--
--
Finch, House
29
42
193
24
Finch, Purple
1
3
30
8
Flicker, Northern
1
7
27
22
Gadwall
.
<1
3
3
Gnatcatcher, Blue -gray
.
--
--
--
Goldeneye, Common
.
<1
1
1
Goldfinch, American
5
23
68
23
Goose, Canada
146
147
296
24
Goose, Snow
.
--
--
--
Grackle, Common
76
488
3,901
18
Grebe, Horned
6
2
11
13
Grebe, Pied-billed
5
7
24
23
Grosbeak, Evening
.
--
--
--
Gull, Bonaparte's
185
132
720
24
Gull, Herring
.
1
7
5
Gull, Laughing
.
<1
1
1
Gull, Ring-billed
46
841
3,708
24
Harrier, Northern
.
2
6
16
Hawk, Cooper's
.
1
2
12
Hawk, Red-shouldered
5
4
10
23
Hawk, Red-tailed
4
11
23
23
Hawk, Sharp-shinned
.
1
4
13
Heron, Great Blue
20
19
39
24
Heron, Green
.
<1
1
1
Hummingbird, Rufous
.
<1
1
6
Jay, Blue
111
63
247
24
Junco, Dark-eyed
54
87
404
24
Kestrel, American
2
3
10
23
Killdeer
28
27
119
24
Kingfisher, Belted
2
5
14
23
Kinglet, Golden-crowned
.
6
38
17
Kinglet, Ruby-crowned
16
15
48
24
Lark, Prairie Horned
.
<1
3
2
Loon, Common
1
2
5
17
Mallard
28
48
141
23
Meadowlark, Eastern
12
31
114
23
Merganser, Common
.
--
--
--
Merganser, Hooded
.
6
38
15
Merganser, Red-breasted
.
<1
5
3
Merlin
.
--
--
--
Mockingbird, Northern
22
36
99
24
Nuthatch, Brown-headed
1
4
18
22
Nuthatch, Red-breasted
.
<1
1
5
Nuthatch, White-breasted
1
<1
2
9
Oriole, Baltimore
1
<1
1
1
Osprey
1
<1
3
2
Owl, Barred
.
<1
3
6
Owl, E. Screech
.
<1
1
3
Owl, Great Horned
.
<1
3
5
Owl, Northern Saw-whet
.
--
--
--
Phoebe, Eastern
6
6
10
24
Pintail, Northern
.
--
--
--
Pipit, American
1
26
403
12
Redhead
.
--
--
--
Robin, American
182
589
7,705
24
Sapsucker, Yellow-bellied
1
5
12
23
Scaup, Greater
.
<1
4
1
Scaup, Lesser
.
4
70
6
Shoveler, Northern
.
--
--
--
Shrike, Loggerhead
.
1
5
13
Siskin, Pine
.
1
18
1
Snipe, Wilson's
.
<1
4
5
Sparrow sp.
.
10
112
(7)
Sparrow, Chipping
136
31
136
19
Sparrow, Field
.
13
58
20
Sparrow, Fox
.
<1
4
5
Sparrow, House
48
10
48
19
Sparrow, Lincoln's
.
--
--
--
Sparrow, Savannah
.
3
27
8
Sparrow, Song
24
29
91
24
Sparrow, Swamp
.
2
15
14
Sparrow, Vesper
.
2
34
3
Sparrow, White-crowned
.
<1
7
1
Sparrow, White-throated
45
45
179
24
Starling, European
454
622
3,063
24
Teal, Green-winged
.
1
15
3
Teal, Blue-winged
.
--
--
--
Tern, Forster's
.
--
--
--
Thrasher, Brown
2
3
14
20
Thrush, Hermit
1
3
15
20
Titmouse, Eastern Tufted
37
20
41
24
Towhee, Eastern
23
19
59
23
Turkey, Wild
40
8
53
7
Vireo, Blue-headed
.
<1
3
3
Vulture, Black
2
37
222
24
Vulture, Turkey
4
68
264
24
Warbler, Palm (Yellow)
.
<1
3
1
Warbler, Pine
5
3
13
20
Warbler, Yellow-rumped
10
34
196
23
Waxwing, Cedar
3
118
1,322
22
Wigeon, American
.
--
--
--
Woodcock, American
.
<1
2
3
Woodpecker, Downy
5
6
17
24
Woodpecker, Hairy
.
1
3
10
Woodpecker, Pileated
.
<1
3
7
Woodpecker, Red-bellied
41
15
41
24
Woodpecker, Red-headed
1
1
5
13
Wren, Carolina
26
22
60
24

Wren, House

.

<1

1

4

Wren, Winter
.
1
3
10
Yellowthroat, Common
.
<1
1
2

Individuals

2,811

24-yr avg
4,613
24-yr total
110,715
26 spp. seen every year

Species

60

24-yr avg
64.2
Italicized species are possible/probable for the area but have not yet been observed on count day for an official York/Rock Hill CBC.

111 species have been observed at least once over the 24-year history of the count; our local CBC record is 80 species in 2000. Record number of individuals for our local CBC is 12,945 in 1994.

CW = Species seen during count week (three days before or three after) but not on count day

"This Week at Hilton Pond" is written and photographed by Bill Hilton Jr., executive director of Hilton Pond Center for Piedmont Natural History

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Thanks to the following fine folks for recent gifts in support of Hilton Pond Center for Piedmont Natural History and/or Operation RubyThroat: The Hummingbird Project. Your tax-deductible contributions allow us, among other things, to continue writing, photographing, and sharing "This Week at Hilton Pond" with students, teachers, and the general public. Please see Support or scroll below if you'd like to make a gift of your own.

We're pleased folks are thinking about the work of the Center and making end-of-year donations that are fully deductible on income tax returns. Those listed below made contributions during the period 1-21 December 2014. Please join them if you can before 31 December.

Donations can be made via PayPal (payable to funding@hiltonpond.org), Network for Good (see link below), or personal check (c/o 1432 DeVinney Road, York SC 29745).

  • Anonymous (via Network for Good)
  • Tom Anderson
  • Marie Baumann (long-term sustaining donor; alumna of Operation RubyThroat Costa Rica-West 2007)
  • Dr. Laura 'Possum Neath-Black (long-time repeat donor; via Network for Good)
  • Kay Blevins (repeat supporter; via PayPal)
  • Sara Brydges (repeat supporter; via Network for Good)
  • John Chamberlin (long-time repeat supporter; via Network for Good)
  • Becky Diak (repeat supporter)
  • Linda DiLeo (repeat supporter; via Network for Good)
  • Elise Fischer (repeat supporter; via Network for Good)
  • Michael Hanna (repeat supporter)
  • Karen & Jeff Hurt (repeat supporters)
  • Thomas Janzen (repeat supporter; via PayPal)
  • Mary Kimberly & Gavin MacDonald (long-term sustaining donors; alumni of SIX Operation RubyThroat expeditions to Central America)
  • Robert Miller (repeat supporter)
  • Lynn Moseley (via PayPal)
  • Jean Rippere (alumna of Operation RubyThroat Costa-Rica West 2009; via PayPal)
  • Kathy Tinius (long-time repeat supporter; via Network for Good)
  • Rosemary & Herb Wahaus (repeat supporters; alumni of Operation RubyThroat Costa-Rica West 2009; via PayPal)
  • Katherine S. Wolfthal (via Network for Good)
  • Levi Wood (repeat supporter; alumnus of Operation RubyThroat Costa Rica-West 2010 & Costa Rica-East 2011)

 
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If you like shopping on-line please become a member of iGive, through which 1,200+ on-line stores from Amazon to Lands' End and even iTunes donate a percentage of your purchase price to support Hilton Pond Center. ..Every new member who registers with iGive and makes a purchase through them earns an ADDITIONAL $5 for the Center. You can even do Web searches through iGive and earn a penny per search--sometimes TWO--for the cause! Please enroll by going to the iGive Web site. It's a painless, important way for YOU to support our on-going work in conservation, education, and research. Add the iGive Toolbar to your browser and register Operation RubyThroat as your preferred charity to make it even easier to help Hilton Pond Center when you shop.

The Piedmont Naturalist--Vol. 1--1986 (Hilton Pond Press) is an award-winning collection of newspaper columns that first appeared in The Herald in Rock Hill SC. Optimized for tablets such as iPad and Kindle, electronic downloads of the now out-of-print volume are available by clicking on the links below. The digital version includes pen-and-ink drawings from the original edition--plus lots of new color photos. All sales go
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Hilton Pond Center.

BIRDS BANDED THIS WEEK at
HILTON POND CENTER
1-21 December 2014

SPECIES BANDED THIS PERIOD:
Chipping Sparrow--7
Dark-eyed Junco--1
American Goldfinch--1
Song Sparrow--2
Northern Cardinal--1
White-throated Sparrow--5
House Finch--10

* = New banded species for 2013


PERIOD BANDING TOTAL:
7 species
27 individuals

2014 BANDING TOTAL:
46 species (33-yr. avg. = 65.2)

1,117 individuals
(33-yr. avg. =
1,842.0)

217 Ruby-throated Hummingbirds


33-YEAR BANDING GRAND TOTAL:
(since 28 June 1982, during which time 171 species have been observed on or over the property)
126 species
60,799 individuals
4,837 Ruby-throated Hummingbirds



NOTABLE RECAPTURES THIS WEEK:
(with original banding date, sex, and current age):
Chipping Sparrow (10)
01/11/10--after 5th year unknown
12/18/10--5th year unknown
03/28/13--after 2nd year unknown
02/08/14--after hatch year unknown
02/09/14--after hatch year unknown
02/10/14--after hatch year unknown
02/12/14--after hatch year unknown
02/18/14--2nd year unknown
03/23/14--second year unknown
03/28/14--after hatch year unknown

White-throated Sparrow (1)
02/08/14--2nd year unknown

Carolina Wren (1)
08/02/14--hatch year unknown


OTHER NATURE NOTES:
--Bird banding at Hilton Pond Center has been slow since early November, first because of our Operation RubyThroat expedition to Costa Rica and then due to scheduled hernia surgery undergone by the resident bander. In addition, winter migrants have been rather late to arrive in any numbers. We anticipate banding will pick up slowly but surely as cold weather gets underway in 2015.

--Despite banding few new birds at the Center, we did have significant returns for several individuals listed in the column at left. Of particular interest were Chipping Sparrows, two of which were banded in 2010 and in at least their fifth year--plus a whole cluster of CHSP banded a few days apart this past february.

All text & photos © Hilton Pond Center

--With the demise of our champion White Oak in September, a towering Southern Red Oak right beside the old farmhouse is now the biggest and oldest tree at Hilton Pond Center. Unlike most hardwoods, this species (see photo) holds its dead leaves long after they turn brown and cease photosynthesis. Sometimes they linger until being replaced by new foliage the following spring. However, on 2 Dec--perhaps because of an unseasonable 73 degree temperature the preceding day--a light breeze was causing oak leaf petioles to lose their grip, resulting in a massive cascade of falling oak leaves.

--On 8 Dec we finally saw the "winter trifecta" at the Center: Purple Finch, White-throated Sparrow, and Dark-eyed Junco--along with an assemblage of Chipping Sparrows and House Finches.

--As of 21 Dec the Center's 2014 Yard List stands at 75--about 44% of the 171 avian species encountered locally since 1982.

--The immediate past installment of "This Week at Hilton Pond" (still in preparation) is a summary of our recently completed Operation RubyThroat expedition to the Orosi Valley in Costa Rica. The write-up will be archived and always available on the Center's Web site as Installment #609.

All text & photos © Hilton Pond Center



Oct 15 to Mar 15:
East of the Rockies please report your sightings of
Vagrant & Winter Hummingbirds

(immature male Rufous Hummingbird at right)


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Hilton Pond Center for Piedmont Natural History is a non-profit research, conservation & education organization in York, South Carolina USA; phone (803) 684-5852. Directed by Dr. Bill Hilton Jr., aka "The Piedmont Naturalist," it is parent organization for Operation RubyThroat. Web site contents--including text and photos--may NOT be duplicated, modified, or used in any way except with express written permission of Hilton Pond Center. All rights reserved worldwide. To request permission for use or for further assistance, please contact Webmaster.